Anesthesia Clinical Scenarios

Anesthetic Implications - Clinical Scenarios

Clinical Scenarios & Anesthetic Implications

Explore our collection of anesthesia scenarios covering various patient populations, surgical procedures, and special considerations. Each scenario provides evidence-based approaches to common and complex anesthesia challenges.

Cardiac Patient for Non-Cardiac Surgery

A 68-year-old male with ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He has a history of myocardial infarction 2 years ago and takes multiple cardiac medications.

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Pediatric Airway Management

A 3-year-old child with recurrent croup presents for adenotonsillectomy. The child has a history of difficult intubation during previous anesthesia. Parents report occasional stridor during sleep and upper respiratory infections.

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Obstetric Emergency

A 32-year-old pregnant patient at 38 weeks gestation presents for emergency cesarean section due to fetal distress. She has pre-eclampsia with BP 168/110 mmHg and proteinuria. Rapid sequence induction required.

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Trauma with Full Stomach

A 25-year-old male involved in a motor vehicle accident requires emergency laparotomy for suspected splenic injury. The patient ate a full meal 1 hour before the accident. Cervical spine precautions are necessary.

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Geriatric Patient with Cognitive Impairment

An 82-year-old female with moderate dementia and osteoporosis presents for hip fracture repair. She takes multiple medications including anticoagulants. Postoperative delirium is a significant concern.

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Morbid Obesity in Bariatric Surgery

A 45-year-old female with BMI of 52 presents for laparoscopic gastric bypass. She has obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Difficult airway and positioning challenges are anticipated.

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Hepatic Dysfunction in Major Surgery

A 58-year-old male with alcoholic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B) requires open colectomy for colon cancer. He has ascites, coagulopathy, and impaired drug metabolism. Careful fluid management and coagulation monitoring needed.

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Neuromuscular Disease

A 30-year-old male with myasthenia gravis presents for thymectomy. He is on pyridostigmine and prednisone. Special considerations for muscle relaxants and postoperative ventilation are required.

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Severe Asthma Exacerbation

A 40-year-old female with poorly controlled asthma presents for emergency appendectomy. She is currently experiencing wheezing and shortness of breath. Recent steroid use and bronchodilator therapy complicate anesthetic planning.

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Renal Failure for Vascular Access

A 55-year-old male with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis requires arteriovenous fistula creation. He has hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and fluid overload. Careful management of electrolytes and fluid balance is critical.

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Difficult Airway in ENT Surgery

A 45-year-old male with a large neck mass presents for biopsy and possible excision. The mass is causing tracheal deviation and compression. Awake fiberoptic intubation is planned due to anticipated difficult airway.

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Pheochromocytoma Resection

A 35-year-old female with diagnosed pheochromocytoma presents for laparoscopic adrenalectomy. She has labile hypertension and episodic tachycardia. Adequate alpha and beta blockade preoperatively is essential.

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