Scoring and Grading in Anesthesia
A comprehensive collection of essential scoring and grading systems used in anesthesia practice for pre-operative assessment, intra-operative management, and post-operative care.
Pre-operative Assessment Scores
- ASA Physical Status Classification System
A system used to assess a patient's pre-anesthesia medical co-morbidities.
- Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS)
A tool to assess frailty, which predicts surgical outcomes and mortality.
- Lee's Revised Cardiac Risk Index
A tool for estimating the risk of perioperative major cardiac complications.
- EuroSCORE II
A risk model for predicting mortality after cardiac surgery.
- NYHA Functional Classification
Classifies the severity of heart failure based on symptoms and physical activity.
- Roizen's Grading of Dyspnea
A scale to quantify the severity of shortness of breath.
- STOP-BANG Questionnaire
A screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in surgical patients.
Airway Assessment
- Mallampati Score
A test used to predict the ease of endotracheal intubation based on oral cavity structures.
- LEMON Airway Assessment
A mnemonic-based approach for assessing a difficult airway (Look, Evaluate, Mallampati, Obstruction, Neck mobility).
- Cormack-Lehane Grading
A system for grading the view of the glottis during direct laryngoscopy.
Neurological & Trauma Scoring
- Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
A neurological scale used to assess a person's level of consciousness.
- Hunt & Hess Scale
A clinical grading system for assessing the severity of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
- World Federation of Neurosurgeons (WFNS) Scale
Another grading system for SAH, combining GCS score with the presence of motor deficit.
- Fisher Scale
A CT-based classification system to predict the risk of cerebral vasospasm after SAH.
- Modified Fisher Scale
An updated version of the Fisher Scale with improved predictive value for vasospasm.
Hepatic & Renal Scoring
- Child-Pugh Score
A scoring system to assess the prognosis of chronic liver disease, mainly cirrhosis.
- Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)
A scoring system for prioritizing patients for liver transplantation and assessing prognosis.
- West Haven Criteria (Hepatic Encephalopathy Grading)
A scale for grading the severity of hepatic encephalopathy.
- KDIGO Stages for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
A standardized definition and staging system for AKI based on serum creatinine and urine output.
Intra-operative Monitoring & Grading
- Bispectral Index (BIS)
A processed EEG parameter used to assess the level of consciousness during anesthesia.
- Train-of-Four (TOF) Ratio
A method for monitoring the depth of neuromuscular blockade.
- Bromage Scale
A clinical scale to assess the degree of motor block after regional anesthesia.
- Modified Bromage Scale
An updated version of the Bromage Scale with finer gradations of motor block.
Post-operative & Critical Care Assessment
- Aldrete Post-Anesthesia Recovery Score
Used to determine a patient's readiness for discharge from the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).
- Post-Anesthetic Discharge Scoring System (PADSS)
A system for assessing readiness for discharge after outpatient surgery.
- Fast-track Criteria
A set of criteria to identify patients suitable for fast-tracking or bypassing the PACU.
- Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)
A validated scale for assessing a patient's level of sedation and agitation in the ICU.
- Ramsay Sedation Scale
One of the first scales developed to assess a patient's level of sedation.
- Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU)
A diagnostic tool for identifying delirium in critically ill patients.
- APACHE II Score
A severity-of-disease classification system used within the first 24 hours in an ICU.
- SOFA Score (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment)
Used to track a patient's organ function and status during their stay in an ICU.
- qSOFA (Quick SOFA)
A bedside prompt for identifying patients with suspected infection at risk for poor outcomes.
Pain & Symptom Assessment Scales
- Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for Pain
A scale where patients rate their pain from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain).
- Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain
A continuous line anchored by two extremes of pain intensity.
- Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale
A pain scale commonly used for pediatric and non-verbal patients.
- Apfel's Score for PONV
A simple risk score for predicting Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV).
Obstetric & Neonatal Assessment
- Apgar Score
A rapid method for assessing the health of a newborn child immediately after birth.
- Bishop Score
A pre-labor scoring system to assess the likelihood of successful vaginal delivery or induction.
Complication & Emergency Assessment
- Perioperative Anaphylaxis Grading System
A scale (e.g., from the NAP4 or French guidelines) to grade the severity of an anaphylactic reaction.
- Difficult Airway Society (DAS) Intubation Algorithm
A structured plan for managing unanticipated difficult intubation.